The highest EU energy dependency rates are in Cyprus, Malta, Luxembourg and Ireland
- EU27 external trade surplus of 2.3 bn euro with Canada in 2008
- EU27 external trade surplus of €2.6 bn with Canada in 2007 with €58 bn invested
- EU27 surplus in trade in goods with the USA down by half
- EU27 surplus in trade in goods with India of 2.1 bn euro in 2008
- EU27 surplus in trade in goods with India of €3.2 bn – Surplus of €2.4 bn in trade in services
- EU27 surplus in trade in goods with USA of 63 bn euro in 2008
- EU27 trade in goods with China continued to rise in the first six months of 2009
- EU27 deficit in trade in goods with China of 170 bn euro in 2008
- EU27 trade deficit with Brazil stands at €7.3 billion
- ASEM partners account for a third of EU27 imports and 18% of exports
- EU27 deficit in trade with South Korea of €14bn in 2008
- Cruise passengers down 22.4% January to November
- Visible trade gap narrowed by €78.8 million in January
- EU total nights in hotels fell by 5% in 2009 & by non-residents by 9%
- Malta’s total dependence on fossil fuel imports driven by continuously increasing demand
In the EU27, gross inland energy consumption was 1,825 million tonnes of oil equivalent (toe) in 2006, stable compared with 2005, while energy production decreased by 2.3% to 871 mn toe. As a result, net imports increased by 2.4% in 2006 and the energy dependence rate rose to 54% from 53% in 2005.
Between 1997 and 2006, EU27 energy production fell by 9%, consumption rose by 7% and net imports rose by 29%. In 1997 the energy dependence rate stood at 45%.
Energy dependency more than 90% in Cyprus, Malta, Luxembourg and Ireland
The highest increase in energy consumption between 2005 and 2006 was recorded in Finland (+9.1%), and the largest decrease in Malta (-6.4%). For the five largest energy consumers, which together accounted for nearly two thirds of total consumption in the EU27, the change in consumption was +0.5% in Germany, -1.2% in France, -1.6% in the United Kingdom, -0.6% in Italy and -0.5% in Spain.
In 2006, the highest energy dependence rates were found in Cyprus (102%), Malta (100%), Luxembourg (99%) and Ireland (91%). The Member States the least dependent on energy imports were Poland (20%), the United Kingdom (20%), the Czech Republic (28%) and Romania (29%). Denmark is a net exporter of energy and therefore has a negative energy dependence rate (-37%). In 2006, EU27 net imports of energy rose by 2.4% to 1 010 mn toe. Energy imports were dominated by oil and gas, accounting for around 60% and 26% respectively of the EU27’s net imports. The most important extra-EU27 suppliers of crude oil and natural gas were Russia (33% of oil imports and 40% of gas imports in 2006) and Norway (16% and 23% respectively).
Nuclear power and solid fuels made up half of EU27 energy production
In 2006, EU27 energy production decreased by 2.3%. The four main energy producers in the EU27 were the United Kingdom (184 mn toe, -9.2% compared with 2005), Germany (137 mn toe, +0.9%), France (136 mn toe, +0.1%) and Poland (77 mn toe, -1.1%), which together accounted for more than 60% of total production in the EU27. The largest decrease in energy production between 2005 and 2006 was registered in Lithuania (-11.9%), while the largest increase was recorded in Portugal (+20.7%).
EU27 energy production in 2006 came from nuclear power (29% of total production), solid fuels (22%), gas (20%), renewables5 (15%) and crude oil (14%).
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